As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads throughout the United States and Americans anxiously await the arrival of a vaccine, biotech companies are grappling with the uncertainty of patent protection for COVID related biomedical advances and, as a result, are turning to trade secret protection instead. For policy-makers looking to incentivize the search for the magic bullet of an effective vaccine, this raises tough questions: What is the best policy or mix of policies to incentivize industry and stimulate a rapid, effective vaccine? And should that policy tilt towards sharing information or towards protecting monetary incentives? This article addresses the limitations on